As shown in the datasheet, S30V can reach at least 64 Rc when using cold treatments, and can easily be tempered down to the 58-61 Rc range common for many knives. Improving all of those properties at the same time is difficult but I’m sure it helped that S30V is produced by powder metallurgy. Does s30v steel rust? https://knifesteelnerds.com/2018/11/19/steel-edge-retention/, But read a few of the edge retention articles… there is a huge context. Recommended Heat Treatment: Austenitize 1950°F (1065°C). The carbide structure of S30V was finer than the common 154CM (BG42 is similar) because of powder metallurgy. CPM S30V offers substantial improvement in toughness over … The toughness of S30V is similar to other stainless steels in its class according to my own toughness experiments, though not record-setting, as seen in our standard toughness test utilizing unnotched 1/4 size charpy specimens: However, I think the toughness of S30V could be further improved with better heat treating, if we use what we learned with heat treating S35VN, S45VN, and SPY27. Jc knife works heat treating cpm s30v knife steel - YouTube To this day S30V is very common in production and custom knives, to the point where it is even considered by some to be a “boring” choice because of its ubiquity. Below shows the results of CATRA experiments reported by others that I have shown in other articles. S30V continues to be the benchmark other stainless knife steels are compared to. However, the Mo was not increased to compensate. But by maintaining all the materials and dimensions of the stock, entry-level model, this particular release is the least expensive way to get S30V on your 110. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. S90V, patent filed in 1995 [5], managed to improve on wear resistance, toughness, and corrosion resistance of S60V but its high wear resistance, and therefore poor grindability, means that it has never been a mainstream knife steel. The steel was then tempered at 300, 350, 400, or 450°F. The S30V sample I tested was austenitized at 2000°F and tempered at 500°F. 10V, developed in the 1970s [2][3], had very high wear resistance with good toughness but was not stainless. Let Us Pick (Giraffe Bone Scales) "Hand Pick" See All Giraffe Bone Scales "Hand Pick" Approximate Minimum Size 1/2" x 3" "Hand Pick" Approximate Minimum Size 1/2" x 4" Thanks to Atlas Knife & Tool and Mervin Thomson for become Knife Steel Nerds Patreon supporters! Each blade is put through a rigorous heat treat process and quality performance test. With poor grindability and little stain resistance it has never been used much outside of individual custom knives. … It is advisable to protect steel with some inert material packed in containers or to heat in a well-regulated atmosphere-controlled furnace to prevent decarburization. Chromium and vanadium both compete to form carbides. Pro-Tech recently put out the first new batch of the Harkins ATAC dual action autos in years. You can read more about carbide types and how elements interact to lead to different amounts in this article on carbides. Cool to hand warm between tempers. this article to learn about corrosion resistance, Spyderco Military Review [Does It Live Up To Its Legendary Reputation?] There was definitely some scatter in the crossed-cylinder results (a slightly different steel or heat treatment could lead to significantly different values) so maybe the difference between S90V and S90VN was not as big as it appears. KnifeNews delivers today's news for knife people like us. S60V was released in the early 1980’s [4], perhaps the earliest PM stainless tool steel. It also benefits from … [1] http://www.seamountknifeworks.com/js/web/viewer.html?file=articles/pdf/S30V_update.pdf. Therefore our S30V is stainless steel … Become a patron and gain access to awesome rewards including early access to articles or a Knife Steel Nerds mug! Normal variations in chemistry, size and heat treat conditions may cause deviations from these values. I hope this helps others who are trying to heat treat their stainless knifes. CPM S30V is a martensitic stainless steel designed to offer the best combination of toughness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance. Choose the tempering temperature depending on the desired hardness. 154CM was designed for bearings, and was essentially a modification of 440C by reducing the chromium (Cr) by ~3% and adding 4% molybdenum (Mo). And you could get S30V on a 110 before now, but you had to either go through the customization shop or hunt down one of the special editions that featured the steel. Substituting niobium carbides for some of the vanadium carbides makes CPM S35VN about 15-20% tougher than CPM S30V … A freezing treatment may be added between tempers. In the development of S90V, the Cr was reduced relative to S60V, dropping from 17% to 14% similar to the modification of 440C to make 154CM. The chromium also forms some softer chromium carbides but they are dissolved at typical heat treating temperatures. S60V, however, was essentially 440C but with 5.5% vanadium added and enough carbon to maintain similar hardness potential. Powder metallurgy allowed higher alloy steels and finer microstructures because of the rapid solidification process. It offers impact resistance greater than A2, D2, Cru-Wear, or CPM M4, approaching the levels provided by S7 and other shock resistant grades. So, a CPM-S30V knife from one manufacturer may perform very differently to that from another. https://knifesteelnerds.com/2020/04/13/s30v-steel-history-and-properties Crucible has been a part of the knife steel industry for many decades, such as with steels like 154CM which was developed in the late 1950’s and gained popularity in knives through Bob Loveless in the early 1970s. See this article to learn about corrosion resistance. And molybdenum and nitrogen additions were used to balance the corrosion resistance along with edge retention and toughness. Double temper at 600°F (315°C) 2 hrs. It is also easier to machine and polish than CPM S30V. And thanks to Dick Barber for talking to me about the development of S30V. Good heat treating response was achieved allowing heat treatment to be performed in a range of different furnaces. The lead development metallurgist was Dick Barber who used the history of stainless steels developed by Crucible to inform the designs that were tried, including important details like the amount of chromium used, how much vanadium to achieve the right balance of properties. Knife Steel Performance Charts. Buck Outfits Classic 110 with Bos Heat Treat S30V August 11, 2020 Buck just added another 110 Folding Hunter to their lineup, and it’s packing an important upgrade: S30V steel with a Paul Bos heat treat instead of 420HC. Great article Larrin! The S30V 110 comes with an MSRP of $100, compared to the $55 for the 420HC model. [2] Haswell, Walter T., and August Kasak. Heat treating is complicated and it requires skill to bring out the very best that the steel can offer. Whenever I do a matrix of heat treatments and test toughness I find temperature ranges which are superior to others. Quench to below 125°F (50°C). As described in the S45VN article, nitrogen also decreases the chromium carbide content while increasing the vanadium carbide content, though I’m not sure that was recognized at the time that S30V was designed. The molybdenum was added so that the bearings could be operated at high temperature, but it was discovered that partially replacing Cr with Mo led to similar corrosion resistance to 440C. S30V and S35VN are very similar for corrosion resistance. This is the company’s first ever entry in the filet genre, and it covers all... Tashi Bharucha Pays Homage to his Heroes with Legacy Collection, Jason Clark Brings His Spanish Tip Razor to Bestech, Houghton Era TOPS Brush Wolf Lopes into the Wild. That conversation led to Dick, along with Ed Severson, conducting interviews with many knifemakers and knife companies about the properties they desired in a knife steel. I also get good corrosion resistance. Corrosion resistance is “above average” and has been sufficient for many knives that have been released over the almost 20 years S30V has been available. Modifications of S30V led to the development of the also popular S35VN, and the more recent S45VN. And while there are many positive elements to the design, if modern knife nerds had their druthers, most would probably swap in … CPM 3V is a high toughness, wear-resistant tool steel made by the Crucible Particle Metallurgy process. If you are unsure if you have the necessary means to heat treat onsite, we recommend professional - heat treating services provided by Peters Heat Treat or Bos Heat treating; or industry specific services by knife material dealers such as TruGrit or … minimum each temper. In this video I will be showing my process of heat treating CPM S90-V steel and checking the hardness. Paul Bos Heat Treat We are known for our blades. The early versions of the steel were first tested by Chris Reeve Knives making that company very significant to what the final product became. I really would like to try out SPY-27, that looks like an interesting steel also. It's possible to heat treat any steel sub-optimally. Dick Barber, former Crucible metallurgist who was the lead developer on S30V, asked Chris Reeve (of Chris Reeve Knives) why they were using BG42 steel rather than one of the available Crucible products [6]. The toughness measured was good, though could possibly be improved through more optimized heat treatments than what I used. The edge retention of S30V is still pretty good relative to other knife steels, better than steels like XHP, Elmax, 154CM, 440C, etc. [6] https://www.bladeforums.com/threads/the-true-history-of-s30v-development.1015831/, [7] https://www.bladeforums.com/threads/chris-reeve-green-beret.384825/page-5#post-3538203. S125V and S145V. CPM S35VN is a martensitic stainless steel designed to offer improved toughness over CPM S30V. Buck just added another 110 Folding Hunter to their lineup, and it’s packing an important upgrade: S30V steel with a Paul Bos heat treat instead of 420HC.. Everyone knows the Buck 110 – it’s the kind of blade that even non-knife people can identify on sight. S30V also needed to be easily heat treated with common knife heat treating equipment which was why Paul Bos was consulted. Metallurgy and Testing of Knives and Steel. So forming austenite at high temperature is the first required step for the final heat treatment of a knife. While on Buck knives even this entry-level steel benefits from metallurgist Paul Bos’s heat treat, as a relatively simple stainless 420HC is still limited compared to newer, fancier formulations. The lock is a rock solid liner lock and there is absolutely no play or wiggle in it when engaged. The spate of releases from TOPS continues with the much-anticipated Brush Wolf, another long-anticipated 2020 SHOT Show blade. Some companies are just better at handling it than others, and Buck’s S30V heat treatment method goes a long way toward making their S30V and S35V steels some of the best out there. Produced by Crucible looking to make minute improvements to their S30-V stainless, a retuned chemistry based on vanadium and chromium, the addition of Niobium improved toughness and wear resistance over other stainless steels such as 440-C. Required fields are marked *. similar aspects may vary in time length to include a margin for the available heat treating equipment and steel cross section. Carbides are hard particles in steel that add to wear resistance but detract from toughness. Combined with our famous BOS heat treat, this steel will hold an edge and take a beating. Low alloy steels (ironically known for being "easy" to heat treat) have shown the most sensitivity to heat treatment. Crucible developed several powder metallurgy steels including 10V, S60V (formerly 440V) and S90V (formerly 420V), but none of them really gained wide use in knives. Double temper at 600°F (315°C) 2 hrs. Buck just added another 110 Folding Hunter to their lineup, and it’s packing an important upgrade: S30V steel with a Paul Bos heat treat instead of 420HC. They also looked at yet higher vanadium contents than S90V, including steels I have labeled S90V-12%V, S125V, … [3] “Powder metallurgy tool steel article.” British patent 1443900, issued July 28, 1976. 21 (1983): 53. Different steels will transform to austenite at different temperatures. Therefore, having only vanadium carbides means a better wear resistance-toughness balance. Then heat to 1750 - 1800 ℉and hold for 1 hr per inch of greatest thickness. S30V steel is a powdered steel that has a small grain structure with a high carbon content. minimum each temper. ?? The 110 Folding Hunter® is a classic and traditional favorite! S110V is designed to be heat … [5] Pinnow, Kenneth, William Stasko, and John Hauser. Buck Knives is a market leader in edge retention thanks to our steel selections and heat treat process pioneered by industry famous, Paul Bos, whose heat treating system has proven to be the best in the business. So to design a more balanced steel than S90V with improved toughness and grindability, a reduction in carbon and vanadium was necessary. CPM® S30V® is a martensitic stainless steel designed to offer the best combination of toughness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance. This is why 3% vanadium 3V has much better toughness and grindability than the 10% vanadium 10V, though at the cost of wear resistance. Despite some difficulties with a consistent heat-treat, knifemakers use CPM S30V because its composition makes it easier to grind than other powder steels although the carbides still wear down the grinder belts considerably. – EDC Knife Ninja, Toughness – improved because of a small reduction in carbide content along with using powder metallurgy for finer carbides, Edge retention – increased vanadium for hard vanadium carbides led to increased wear resistance and therefore slicing edge retention, Corrosion resistance – With the vanadium addition, less chromium carbide is formed in the S30V leading to improved corrosion resistance relative to BG42 and 154CM. Forging and Heat Treating . As the ambassador for powder metallurgy blade steel, S30V’s attributes are almost as well-known as the 110’s; it’s simply an all-around reliable performer. It is then tempered to the … Crucible started with 154CM as their basis, replacing 2% Mo with 2% vanadium. It is a bit below steels like ZDP-189, S90V, and 20CV/M390. This was also confirmed in my own corrosion resistance testing, where a higher rating below means better resistance to corrosion. Vanadium carbides also tend to be smaller (read this article) so having less chromium carbide means better toughness as well. Everyone knows the Buck 110 – it’s the kind of blade that even non-knife people can identify on sight. The method we use to heat treat 440C SS knife blades. Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. For heat treatment experiments on Nitro-V I austenitized for 15 minutes at 1850, 1900, 1950, and 2000°F followed by plate quenching and then immediately going into liquid nitrogen for an hour. S35VN Heat Treatment Recommendation Therefore I recommend heat treating S35VN by austenitizing for 15 minutes at 2025°F, plate quenching, a liquid nitrogen treatment for at least 30 minutes, and tempering between 300 and 400°F twice for 2 hours. Quench to below 125°F (50°C). So even as S30V is replaced to some extent, it is often by steels that owe some of their design to the older S30V. https://www.patreon.com/Knifesteelnerds, Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window). It was also somewhat finer than the previously available S60V and S90V. The resulting design of S30V provided an improvement over BG42 for the desired properties: The goal in terms of making a steel “easy to heat treat” was accomplished primarily by ensuring the steel could by austenitized (hardened) by heating to a temperature no higher than 2000°F. Among the many models on display in Böker Plus 2021 catalog are three EDC-spec’d flippers. All stainless steels are exposed to rust if you neglect to take care of them for a long period. Molybdenum additions improve “hardenability” so that slower air quenches can be used, so the 2% Mo helped in that regard. S30V is a knife steel produced by Crucible, released at the end of 2001 [1]. S30V gained wide usage in a relatively short period of time. SHARPENING EASE: 8/10. Preheat at 1200 ℉and soak. So what they did in the development of S90V was reduce the chromium content by 3% and add a corresponding amount of vanadium while maintaining a similar carbon content. S60V is not a bad steel and has relatively high edge retention, but its grindability and toughness are also relatively poor and its corrosion resistance is only mediocre. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Rockwell C60 With excellent strength and wear resistance, S30V stainless steel is a preferred material for knives and cutlery. Buck is a market leader in edge retention thanks to our steel selections and heat treat process pioneered by industry famous, Paul Bos, whose heat treating system has proven to be the best in the business. Featured Image: Buck 110 Folding Hunter in S30V. We report the latest news on new and popular knives, production knife companies, custom makers, innovations, and cover topics that are of interest to the knife carrying community. The Cr was reduced for a different reason, however. And while there are many positive elements to the design, if modern knife nerds had their druthers, most would probably swap in a different steel for the 420HC on the standard 110. 8Cr14MoV . Personally, excitement over the release of S30V in 2001 was part of what led me to become a metallurgist and to eventually research and write for this website. Perhaps the toughness could be improved to 7-8 ft-lbs at 1-2 Rc higher hardness if using 2025-2050°F and 400°F: The corrosion resistance of S30V and the similar S35VN have been found to be better than CPM-154, in a range I would call “above average.” The corrosion resistance has been improved somewhat with the new S45VN, but S30V is good enough for many knives. And less chromium carbide means that even though S90V has less chromium, less is tied up in carbides so that the chromium is free in the steel to improve corrosion resistance. Its chemistry has been rebalanced so that it forms some niobium carbides along with vanadium and chromium carbides. Of course, the presence of a nicer steel does still increase the price. Your email address will not be published. Buck Outfits Classic 110 with Bos Heat Treat S30V, New Designer Joins Real Steel with Lightweight Slicer, SOG Strengthens XR Lineup with Three New Releases, Sal Glesser Shares a Piece of Spyderco History on the Forum, New Böker Flippers Approach EDC from Three Different Directions, TOPS Expands Culinary Category with First Filet Knife. Everyone knows the Buck 110 – it’s the kind of blade that even non-knife people can identify on sight. Let Us Pick (Giraffe Bone Scales) "Hand Pick" See All Giraffe Bone Scales "Hand Pick" Approximate Minimum Size 1/2" x 3" "Hand Pick" Approximate Minimum Size 1/2" x 4" However, in testing of that steel Chris Reeve Knives wanted more wear resistance to better differentiate from BG42, leading to an increase in vanadium up to the final 4%. A freezing treatment may be added between tempers. [4] Chilton’s iron age 226, no. Its chemistry has been specially balanced to promote the formation of vanadium carbides which are harder and more effective than chromium carbides in providing wear resistance. The ATAC, designed by legendary custom maker J.A.
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